Abu al-Qasim Abbas ibn Firnas ibn Wirdas al-Takurini (c. 809/810 – 887 A.D.), also known as Abbas ibn Firnas (Arabic: عباس بن فرناس), latinized Armen Firman,[1][dubious – discuss] was an Andalusian polymath: an inventor, physician, chemist, engineer, Andalusian musician, and Arabic-language poet.[3] He was reported to have experimented with a form of flight.[4][5][6][7] he left his hometown in the pursuit of knowledge, and went to cordova. He study a range of knowledge and master in many field like astronomy, engineering and music. He took interest in music but the but his inventing of a flying device made him legendary. The flying device he was invented was the first man made object to have flown man in the history to make scientific attempts at flying, that's why he was usually known as the father of "AVIATION" He created a workshop, where He usually performed various experiments, like He attempted to make transparent glass wear items using various materials which he assembled form his surroundings. He created a water- time- piece which is known as AL-MAQATA. In the field of astronomy, firnas created various significant instrument that he applied in studying the sky. He made remarkable efforts in making ornaments by shaping rock into various design. Apart from this, He made a legendary affirmation invention, He created a para glider. But failed in his attempt. As He didn't know how to land the glider. And got severe injuries which almost crippled him. His critiques contended that he hurt himself because he didn't try a proper research towards his invention. This lead to his death in the year 877AD.
Ibn Firnas made various contributions in the field of astronomy and engineering. He constructed a device which indicated the ovementn of the planets and stars in the Universe. In addition, Ibn Firnas came up with a procedure to manufacture coourless glass and made magnifying lenses for reading, which were known as reading stones.